Xps shows that the crystal has elements w , k , yb , o , gd from the data of electron energy level and binding energy 因此,若想生長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)良的晶體,應(yīng)盡量減少生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中的溫度、濃度及生長(zhǎng)速度的波動(dòng),保持晶體的穩(wěn)態(tài)生長(zhǎng)。
In this model , each electron energy level is denoted by numbers that take concentric shells as suggested by the bohr model because there are overlaps in the ordering of the energy levels 在這個(gè)模型里,單個(gè)電子能量水平通過(guò)獲得的同圓心外殼的數(shù)量來(lái)表示,如波爾模型提出的那樣,因?yàn)樵谀芰克矫媾帕写嬖谥丿B。